Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common urological malignancies, with high recurrence and progression rates. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of cancer development, with H19 being one of the most studied lncRNAs in various cancers, including BC. H19 is implicated in tumor proliferation, invasion, and drug resistance. This study aims to evaluate the expression levels of H19 in bladder cancer tissues using the real-time PCR (qPCR) method and assess its potential role as a biomarker for BC.

Bladder cancer tissue samples and adjacent normal tissues were collected from patients undergoing surgical resection. Total RNA was extracted, and cDNA synthesis was performed. The expression of H19 was quantified using real-time PCR with specific primers and normalized to housekeeping genes. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine the correlation between H19 expression and clinicopathological characteristics.

H19 was significantly upregulated in bladder cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. H19 expression correlated with higher tumor grade, advanced stage, and progression (p=0.0117), but not with the increased risk of recurrence (p.0.05). It was confirmed that survival predictions are significantly different in the groups of patients with high-grade and low-grade cancers (p=0.02101). The real-time PCR method provided highly sensitive and reproducible quantification of H19 expression levels.

In summary, lncRNA H19 could be a critical factor in bladder cancer progression and therapy resistance. Understanding its mechanisms offers avenues for developing targeted therapies to improve treatment efficacy. Real-time PCR is a reliable method for detecting H19 expression, highlighting its potential application in BC diagnosis and prognosis. Further studies are needed to explore the functional role of H19 and its therapeutic implications in bladder cancer.